Assisted Suicide Essay - 1507 Words

Assisted Suicide (Euthanasia) There probably isn’t one person that can say that they haven’t watched somebody they love in some way suffer from and ultimately die from some sort of unfortunate disease. Assisted suicide is a very controversial topic in the United States. Physician assisted suicide is defined as suicide committed by a terminally ill person with help from another person. This subject causes many controversies of ethical and moral issues. Some of these issues are that it violates the doctors Hippocratic Oath, suicide is ruled wrong in many religions, and some even say it degrades the value of human life. However, physician assisted suicide should be legalized because it offers terminally ill people an opportunity for a†¦show more content†¦The two drugs offered for physician assisted suicide are secobarbital and pentobarbital. Secobarbital is the most commonly prescribed of the two forms. The medication typically come in 9 g of secobarbital in capsules or 10 g of pentobarbit al liquid, to be consumed at one time (Fass and Fass). Most everyone sees assisted suicide as morally wrong due to religious beliefs and changing their mind could be an impossible task. Others find it shouldn’t be legalized because too many people will see it as an easy way out, and people who could be cured or don’t even have a medical condition will be wanting to get a physician to give them a lethal dose of medicine too. In this regard, it is possible to suggest introducing legal changes, which could ban the application of assisted suicide without the consent of a patient and his/her relatives. On the other hand, there should be an opportunity for patients and their families to have the option of assisted suicide. At this point, the legislation should admit assisted suicide only in cases, when the further physical life of patients is pointless, for instance, when patients’ life is maintained by special medical equipment and there is no hope of recovery. In fa ct, such situations are cases, where patients would be dead if it were not for medical machines keeping them alive. It is argued that assisted suicide goes against the Hippocratic Oath of doctorsShow MoreRelatedA Brief Note On Assisted Suicide And Suicide1062 Words   |  5 PagesAfter researching assisted suicide I have more questions than when I started. The definition of assisted suicide is very factual: suicide facilitated by another person, especially a physician, who organized the logistics of the suicide, as by providing the necessary quantities of a poison (The definition of assisted suicide 2016). After much research I have learned that assisted suicide is an option one has to make depending on their moral standards, will to live, and how they want to die ratherRead More Euthanasia Essay - Assisted Suicide1579 Words   |  7 PagesAssisted Suicide/Euthanasia      Ã‚   Remarkably, few have noticed that frail, elderly and terminally ill people oppose assisted suicide more than other Americans. The assisted-suicide agenda is moving forward chiefly with vocal support from the young, the able-bodied and the affluent, who may even think that their parents and grandparents share their enthusiasm. They are wrong.    Thus the assisted suicide agenda appears as a victory not for freedom, but for discrimination. At its heartRead MoreDoctor Assisted Suicide And Suicide1585 Words   |  7 PagesDoctor assisted suicide is a topic that has recently become a much larger debated issue than before. A timeline put together by Michael Manning and Ian Dowbigging shows that prior to Christianity, doctor assisted suicide was something that was tolerated, and was not heavily questioned (2). Yet, in the 13th century, Thomas Aquinas had made a statement about suicide as well as doctor assisted suicide, and his words shaped the Catholic teaching on suicide into what they teach today. Beginning in theRead MorePhysician Assisted Suicide Should Be Legal1578 Words   |  7 PagesOne of the alternative options is Physician-Assisted Suicide; defined as the voluntary termination of one’s own life by administration of a lethal substance with the direct or indirect assistance of a physician (â€Å"Physician-assi sted†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). In layman’s terms it means that a physician administers medications to the patients to use on their own terms, and it’s entirely up to the patient whether or not to ingest the medication. I know Physician-Assisted Suicide is a practical solution to terminally ill patients’Read MoreEssay Problems with Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide1262 Words   |  6 PagesEuthanasia Problems      Ã‚  Doctors do err on cancer patients survival times, so how can they say when the time is ripe for assisted suicide. A study in the July 1 issue of Cancer, the journal of the American Cancer Society, finds that doctors are often wrong in predicting how long terminally ill cancer patients will live. After studying the accuracy of doctors predictions regarding 233 patients with end-of-life cancer, the researchers found most doctors had a tendency to overestimate survivalRead MorePhysician Assisted Suicide Essay1214 Words   |  5 Pagesrelentless pain and agony through physician assisted death? Physician-Assisted Suicide PAS is highly contentious because it induces conflict of several moral and ethical questions such as who is the true director of our lives. Is suicide an individual choice and should the highest priority to humans be alleviating pain or do we suffer for a purpose? Is suicide a purely individual choice? Having analyzed and even experience the effects of physician assisted suicide, I promote and fully support its legalityRead MorePhysician Assisted Suicide Thesis Statement1679 Words   |  7 Pagesrequests for physician-assisted suicide are now a viable possibility. Knowing the pathways to answering to those patients, as their requests for assisted death persist, is upmost importance. As of June, 9th 2016 California became the fifth state to allow physician-assisted suicide. The California’s End of Life Option Act authorizes any individual 18 years of age or older, who has been diagnosed as terminally ill and fits specific criteria, to solicit administration of assisted dying drugs at the handsRead MorePhysician’s Assisted Suicide1063 Words   |  5 Pagesthe question may arise as to whether or not third parties should be allowed to intentionally end the life of the patient or help the patient commit suicide. Physician’s assisted suicide should be a legal option for terminally ill patients all throughout the United States. Currently in the US there are three states that have physician assisted suicide laws in place. Oregon was the first state to pass a law allowing physicians to help end the lives of the terminally ill. This law was called the 1997Read MoreThe Legalization of Assisted Suicide1291 Words   |  5 PagesAssisted Suicide has through out history caused controversy among our society. There are two sides to this issue, one that passionately supports it, and those who religiously disagree. I believe that assisted suicide should become legal for several reasons. Assisted suicide gives individuals the right to end their suffering when they personally feel that their time has come to die. Assisted suicide should become legal because if one can decide to put an animal out of its misery, why shouldn’t thatRead MoreThe Choice Of Assisted Suicide1314 Words   |  6 Pag esthe law so patients are allowed to lawfully receive assistance to peacefully pass away. The acceptability to acquire â€Å"assisted suicide† has been designed into five factors. It is the combination of a patient’s age, curability of illness, degree of suffering, mental status, and extent of patients requests for the procedure. Moreover, no discussion on assisted suicide is complete without looking into the experience of Oregon, which was the first state in the U.S. to pass the Death with Dignity

The Death Penalty For Juveniles - 946 Words

The death penalty for minors differs greatly from the death penalty for adult. The law that minor could be put on death row was decided to rule against the eighth amendment. The eighth amendment prohibits the act of â€Å"cruel and unusual punishment† which putting minors on death row breaks. On March 4, 2005 the law that minors could not be put on death row for their actions was set into place. The new laws say, â€Å"They cannot punish a minor by death penalty and they cannot punish someone for a crime they committed as a minor.† For example Christopher Simmons was sentenced to death row until 2005 when the laws were changed. He stole seven dollars, kidnapped, tied up, and pushed his neighbor off a railroad trestle; killing the young woman. He should have been sentenced to death row, but because of his age, seventeen, he was not put on death row. In fact he was not even sentenced to life with parole. He got re-sentenced to life without parole. The new laws helped a total of seventy-two juvenile offenders. it helped twenty-nine in Texas, fourteen in Alabama, five in Mississippi, four in Arizona, four in Louisiana, four in North Carolina, three in Florida, three in South Carolina, one in Nevada, and One in Virginia. They were all taken off death row and sentenced to life without parole. There is also a science behind why minors, anyone below the age of eighteen, cannot be put on death row. The National institute of Mental Health, the UCLA’s Department of Alexander 2Show MoreRelatedThe Death Penalty For Juveniles1169 Words   |  5 PagesResearch Paper: Death Penalty for Juveniles Capital punishment for juveniles is one of the most controversial topics to ever be explored in society and in the criminal justice system. The death penalty is a rare occurrence amongst juveniles since it is so arguable as to whether they should be tried as adults. Lynn Cothern from the Juvenile Justice Resource Center suggests that â€Å"the primary purpose of the juvenile justice system is to hold juvenile offenders accountable for delinquent acts whileRead MoreThe Death Penalty and Juveniles2945 Words   |  12 PagesThe Death Penalty and Juveniles CJA433 The Death Penalty and Juveniles In the United States, the death penalty is an issue because of its controversies. Some people see it as a punishment. Some people say â€Å"an eye for an eye,† and believe this is the way to stop youth offenders from following the path of crimes such as murders. This does not only pertain to the youth but also to the adults. Others believe the death penalty to be cruel and unusual punishment even for the adults. In the law, juvenilesRead MoreJuvenile and the Death Penalty1817 Words   |  8 PagesENG101 Dr. Ankerberg March 6, 2007 Essay #2 Juveniles and the Death Penalty Today, minors are using their age as a shield against capital punishment. Adolescents believe that since they are not eighteen they will not be punished for the crimes they commit. The death penalty is appropriate for juveniles in certain circumstances, such as murder and brutal crimes that are considered capital offenses. The rate at which the death penalty is carried out, as well as inconstancies in sentencingRead MoreJuveniles and The Death Penalty Essay1604 Words   |  7 PagesJuveniles and The Death Penalty *No Works Cited One of the most controversial issues in the rights of juveniles today is addressed in the question, Should the death penalty be applied to juveniles? For nearly a century the juvenile courts have existed to shield the majority of juvenile offenders from the full weight of criminal law and to protect their entitled special rights and immunities. In the case of kent vs. United states in 1996, Justice Fortas stated some of these special rightsRead MoreJuvenile Death Penalty Essay1353 Words   |  6 PagesJuvenile Death Penalty One of the most controversial questions in the juvenile justice system today is, Should the death penalty be applied to juveniles?†. A lot of people think that the death penalty for juveniles is cruel and unusual punishment and should only be used for adults. The crimes that juveniles commit are as dangerous and as violent as adult crimes. People argue that the adolescent brain does not mature until the late teens or early twenties, and that death penalty should not be theRead MoreEssay on Juvenile Death Penalty1824 Words   |  8 PagesDeath at 18? One of the most controversial issues in the country today is addressed in the question, Should the death penalty be applied to juveniles, and if so how young is too young? The death penalty has been in the United States for many, many years, and the United States still has yet to figure out how to solve all its dilemmas and whether or not the penalty is right or wrong. Debates about the use of the death penalty for juveniles have grown more intense because of the recent demand forRead MoreEssay on Juvenile Death Penalty3656 Words   |  15 Pagesunconstitutional to sentence a juvenile under the age of 18 to the death penalty. Before, Roper v. Simmons, in Thompson v. Oklahoma it had been decided that only those under the age of 16 could not be considered for the death penalty. Were these decisions correct? If an adolescent can commit such a heinous crime as homicide should they not also be able then to handle the consequences? The other side of the argument against the juvenile dea th penalty states that juveniles do not have the same reasoningRead MoreEssay on No Death Penalty for Juveniles2164 Words   |  9 Pagesthat the death penalty is, â€Å"the punishment of execution, administered to someone legally convicted of a capital crime.† Capital crimes array from murder to drug trafficking. In the United States the death penalty is mostly administered towards first-degree murder, with non-murder crimes varying by state. â€Å"Currently, only 58 nations actively practice the death penalty, with 96 countries having abolished it, the remainder have not used the death penalty for 10 years or only allow for death in exceptionalRead MoreThe Juvenile Death Penalty: A Case For It1583 Words   |  7 Pagesschool with a 3.5 accumulative grade point average, pulling a 4.0 grade point average from the time of my expulsion on. I walked across the same stage as the athletes, the band geeks, the book worms and the teacher’s pets. An expelled student with a juvenile record walked across the same stage as the full ride scholarship earners and the Valedictorians. Today, I am attending the University of Northern Colorado, double majoring in Criminal Justice and Psychology. I received a 3.4 grade point average myRead More Death Penalty Applied to Juveniles Essay1684 Words   |  7 PagesDeath Penalty Applied to Juveniles   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1643 a sixteen year old boy was put to death for sodomizing a cow. Three hundred and fifty years later, sixteen states have legitimized the execution of juveniles. Four of those twelve states have lowered the legal age of execution to twelve. For whatever reasons the death penalty has been supported by the public since this countrys existence. In this day and age of increasing violence, both juvenile and adult, it is time to re-examine the use

Dolls House Act I Essay Example For Students

Dolls House Act I Essay Doll`s House Act IA Doll House sets the scene for a disturbing commentary on the womans placein society at the time. Noras psychological makeup is one of an oppressive,emotionally depriving and possibly abusive father and an absent, neglectfulmother. Her flighty actions are the ones of a child because as a child, that isprobably the only way she got attention, and she was never taught any other way. Nora is suffering from a neurotic personality disorder. The Microsoft EncartaEncyclopedia, (1996), defines neurosis as a slightly less impaired state thanthat of the psychotic, wherein the individual has lost touch with reality. Because of her being mistreated by men for so many years, by her father and inturn her husband, Nora has developed a strange sense of right and wrong, andwhich is which. The first scene in which Nora brings in the presents alreadyexemplifies her strange reasoning. Although we know that she should be savingevery penny, and she even says later on to Mrs Linde that she tries to make somemoney of her own by copying, and attempts to save by wearing the simplest,cheapest outfits, (p 643), here she contradicts herself by insisting toTorvald that we can squander a little now. Cant we? (p 638) Thisstrange, often moody temperament is a well known characteristic of a neurotic. The way Torvald treats Nora in the very first scene also is tell-tale ofNoras mental problems. She lies to her husband about eating macaroons. Although wives were perhaps more submissive to their husbands desires 120years ago, I certainly doubt that most of them would have accepted being treatedlike a child with rules regarding whether they could snakc on a macaroon or not. Her desire to please is also characteristic of a neurotic, as they cannot oftenhandle rejection. As one might suspect and as we learn throughout and at at theend of the play, Nora and Torvalds relationship really never went beyondsimple flirting, and they never really talked about anything. One who wouldcontinue in a relationship in this manner obviously has a disconnection withreality. During her conversation with Mrs. Linde, (pgs 640-644), Nora doesntseem to be aware that the forgery of her fathers signature was illegal. Although she has been sheltered her whole life, I find it nearly impossible toaccept that she has never heard that it is wrong to fake someone elsessignature. This again is a reflection of her difficulty realizing what is rightand wrong ans the difference between the two. Noras mental state affectsevery character in the play, as she interacts with everyone. There is more toher than just her neurosis, but that is a pivotal part of her character. Wereshe not to be portrayed as neurotic, this would be a very different, andpotentially more boring play. BibliographyIbsen, Henrik. A Doll House. The Bedford Introduction to Drama, 3rd ed. Ed. Lee A. Jacobus, University of Conneticut. Boston: Bedford Books, 1997. Theater

The Impact of Instagram on Consumers Purchase Intentions in the Fashion Industry in Thailand

Introduction Instagram is an application online social network founded in 2010 and focuses on sharing information amongst individuals. The application allows users both to follow and to be followed making it more distinctive from other apps.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on The Impact of Instagram on Consumers’ Purchase Intentions in the Fashion Industry in Thailand specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Instagram has experienced rising popularity within the current market making Face book Inc. to invest more of its capital for instagram in the social media company’s biggest purchase. The site boasts of increased number of users approximately five million users per week. Instagram provides easier means to upload pictures hence attracting over fifty million users since its inception. Other competitors within the market include Picnik which was Google Inc.’s own photo-editing tool. However, Pic nik did not last long within the market hence suiting down in mid 2010. This has made instagram to outstand within the market with good positioning based on its tremendous valuation. The other internet applications with the same technology as instagram include Pixlr, Snapsed, Picplz, Streamzoo, Picmonkey and Camera+. These applications provide users with the opportunity to take photographs using Smartphone and tweak colors hence making it easier to post them on social network such as Facebok and Twitter (Keller and Berry, 2006). Such applications are relevant within the fashion industry since they allow for widespread sharing of pictures on new arrivals within the market. Applications such as Snapseed, Picplz and Streamzoo have the capability of shooting photos, editing and adjusting in accordance to their desire.Advertising Looking for proposal on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Despite such similarity in applications, the difference comes in the level of charges imposed. Instagram offer most of its components free of charge compared to other applications. Various search engines have followed the same trend by purchasing and owning various applications. Good example AOL Inc., which purchased Hipster an application capable of providing photo-sharing services in mobile devices. This application has the capability of allowing users to edit photos taken from application installed within phone’s camera. The other company, Yahoo Inc., acquired flickr availing it to users as mobile application enabling easier uploading, shooting and geo-tagging directly from smart phones. Such applications enable consumers to easily access new products via the social media and through mobile phones. However, based on the situation within the market, there is still enormous potential for each application yet to be exploited (Gruber, 2008). Literature Review According to Agger (1991), consumers within international market make their purchases based on information. Such processes are deemed necessary by consumers since it helps in reduction of perceived risks. Word of Mouth (WOM) is considered potential source of information having tremendous impact on consumer attitudes, choice and purchase decisions (Bearden and Netemeyer, 1999). According to Nail (2005), advertising is continually becoming outdated in most scenarios since consumers doubt their reliability and trustworthiness. Such considerations make WOM more popular owing to its stronger effects on consumer choices.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on The Impact of Instagram on Consumers’ Purchase Intentions in the Fashion Industry in Thailand specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Word of Mouth takes different forms from face-to-face communication to information conveyed through the internet. According to Kliatchko (2008), use of internet enables real-ti me sharing of information due to inter-activity and immediate responses. Internet enables consumers to obtain and access lots of information and unlimited access to available entertainment. Availability of online communities have provided consumers with opportunities of sharing experiences, opinions as well as various dimensions of knowledge with others. Online communities appear in-form of internet forums, bulletin boards as well as newsgroups. Such instances have enabled participation between the media and audiences, since consumers have the rights of creating media contents through texts, pictures, uploading of videos and pictures of products and services available in the market. Keller and Berry (2006), argues that bigger percentage of Word of Mouth communication takes place offline, however, online communication is on the growing trend since consumers currently consider internet to be a reliable source of information. Online communications enable consumers to create fully forme d impressions of products, services and people using both written and pictorial content. Theory of social comparison and that of reasoned action are used to elaborately explain effects of WOM in online forums and the extent to which it influences purchase intentions of various designer products.Advertising Looking for proposal on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Word of Mouth is considered as having same operations in both offline and online environments despite the real context being portrayed as a variable in the application of the theory (Curasi, 2001). Within the traditional context, Word of Mouth incorporated face-to-face communication especially practiced within social context. As discussed, offline WOM has the capacity of influencing large population within limited boundary. In the contrary, online information has the capability of reaching millions within the shortest time possible, since people receiving the message replicate it through e-mails and other internet-based media. Most compelling news and new product designs usually spread like bush fire within the internet making online WOM of great impact (Curasi et al., 2001). At the same time the use of smart phones within Thai’s urban population makes it easier to apply use of online WOM. This is since many urban dwellers consider it an image of luxury making internet an imp ortant element in their lifestyle. According to Kotler and Armstrong (2012), a market is made up of all people or organization and they all demand for a certain product depending on individual’s tastes and preferences. This also depends on customer’s ability to purchase them. Market segmentation or fragmentation is a course of action where a given market is divided into unique clusters or firms that have reasonably comparable demands. Analysis of the market and review of various strategies on annual basis is highly recommended for the purposes of increasing revenue. Prices should remain as they are until close to the end of the year when promotion and advertisements through print and media are always considered to be on the higher trend. Distribution through agents should remain as it is in addition to intermediaries who will do direct personal selling to customers. Major focus of the study will be on responses towards fashion designer products through internet-based s ocial media. It is important to focus on such segments since they portray a comprehensive picture on consumer level of aspirations towards new products and services and difficulties encountered based on specific age groups. The various problems and achievements during marketing of goods and services can easily be generalized (Cherrier, 2005; Moisander and Valtonen, 2006). Such generalization will help in understanding major challenges encountered by consumers and effective strategies used by successful producers within the same line of study. There is high probability that various participants have quite different motivations. Some of the participants plan to continue their purchasing habits and aspire for information on more products through social media whereas some are not keen on the same. There will be profound need of understanding motivations underlying various group stages and their responses to social media. Focus will also be made on those individuals lacking confidence or who are not ambitious enough (Denzin and Lincoln, 2003). Thai consumers attach more value on product images and at the same time seek more value from status. Grey group survey conducted in the year 2009 discovered that most participants preferred the use of image and social status in the process of making their purchases. This is attributed to vigorous media campaigns which lured consumers into accepting information concerning new product arrivals within the market. Such considerations acted as boost towards luxury and fashion design products since majority yearn for recognizable factors such as success and prestige. Most consumers within Thai consider purchasing goods based on celebrity-driven culture and image. Various marketing campaigns using celebrities prompt many consumers to increasingly consume such products and services since they consider such products to be of superior quality (Blaikie, 1993). Objectives To discover the level of influence of instagram on consumer behav ior To identify various mechanisms through which marketers can effectively use in marketing their products in Thailand To identify effectiveness of both offline and online Word of Mouth (WOM) in marketing designer products and services To find out the relationship of how celebrities (opinion leader)’s WOM can stimulate their purchase decision on branded products (in the Fashion industry). Methodology This section of the research will provide appropriate research design capable of addressing and justifying the given objectives. The questions provided in the study as well as research design will be used to analyze the relationship between use of instagram and consumer response within Thailand (Strauss and Corbin, 1998). Mixed method research approach will be used as guidance capable of providing appropriate environment to participants. Quantitative research method will be used for the purposes of ensuring that accurate data is collected and analyzed in line with dimensions of the problem (Hammersley, 2009; Moisander and Valtonen, 2006). The principle underlying positivism asserts that researchers are capable of taking scientific perspective in the process of observing social behavior and performing objective analysis. However, the approaches used by scientific view and positivists philosophy are considered quiet different. Data analysis based on positivist study requires application of quantitative method since large-scale phenomena is covered. The results from quantitative analysis will be used to reveal the level of influence of online Word of Mouth (WOM) on consumers’ purchase intentions in the fashion industry in Thailand. On the other hand qualitative method will assist in providing in-depth analysis on issues surrounding participants’ choices, actions, aspirations and motivations towards their intended purchases (Dobscha and Ozanne, 2001). Such analysis will assist in revealing various ideas concerning factors influencing purchase int entions from online perspective (Bryman and Bell, 2011). Availability of such comprehensive data justifies the use of mixed method analysis capable of addressing all the research questions within this study (Saunders et. al, 2012). Research Design and Approach The study will look at the impact of instagram on consumers within fashion industry. Information and communication factor used in this study is divided into two categories; online and offline Word of Mouth. In such a case, the researcher will use survey instrument for the purposes of collecting data and making inferences regarding consumer responses towards new products within the market. At the same time, this study will require use of survey instrument for the purposes of convenience and time consciousness (Creswell, 2007; Perry,1998). The study will utilize quantitative approaches specifically logistical regression strategies and retention. This will include identification of both dependent and independent variables. The pr ocess on data analysis will incorporate qualitative design comprising of such aspects as use of focus groups, observations, and in-depth interviews capable of revealing different personal consumer characteristics influenced by the market environment (Creswell, 2008). Most of the fieldwork will be done based on Ethnography which usually incorporates all qualities and characteristics surrounding participant’s observation, informant interviewing and artifact collection focused towards understanding cultural knowledge of the people within the target market (Pink, 2009; Pink, 2001). Such approach reveals much concerning consumers daily experiences with the social media (Denzin, 1997). Sequential transformative strategy will be used for the purposes of justifying theoretical perspective of the researcher. The strategy normally incorporates two phases capable of providing clear diversified perspectives and at the same time conveys better understanding of the various changes within p urported processes. Ethnography as part of qualitative design will be used to enable researcher to clearly describe and interpret both shared and diverse patterns on consumer behaviors. These quantitative processes enable minimization on the threat posed by level of validity of the results (Butler-Kisber, 2010; Elliott and Jankel-Elliott, 2003). Setting and Sample In the process of setting the sample, sequential transformative and Ethnographic designs will be utilized for the purposes of ensuring that all observations and interaction with the participants reveal strategic behaviors and the level of influence of Thai’s culture on consumer response within fashion industry (Firat and Dholakia, 2006). The use of quantitative and qualitative approach based on social science theory, qualitative theory and advocacy worldview will be ensured. The participants will not be divided into other smaller groups as environment and community due to the importance attached to effects on domest ic as compared to international market (Amoo and Friedman, 2000). For the purposes of ensuring that observations are accurate and comprehensive, a research journal will be used where all stages of the study will be depicted in detail. The research journal will also contain interview transcripts. Notably, apart from interviews, additional group or individual meetings may be included in the process. Transcripts of these meetings will also be included into the research journal. The meetings will help obtain more insights into participants’ responses to purchases. An observational journal will be utilized whereby all participants’ profile and purchase patterns will be noted. The threat to validity may be posed by the researcher’s personal experiences and background. Such incident requires external auditor for the purposes of validating results (Benton and Craib, 2001). Participants All participants will be chosen from different market segments. The sample will consi der 250 respondents in their 18-30, young adults living in urban areas such as Bangkok, in middle class. Research and discussion will prove on how best participants can rhyme under the method of sequential transformative strategy based on strong cultural influence within native background (Silverman, 2001). Parallel and similar experiences with the researcher will also be included. Identification of consumers will be based on a range of dimensions including fulfillment of special needs, this allows for the opportunity of observing participants with similar purchasing backgrounds yet differing level of income. The fact that the researcher is also one of the buyers will ensure that the same methodology is used within each segment (Donoghue, 2000). The participants will be chosen randomly irrespective of age. The majority of the participants will come from middle-class families living within Thailand’s urban and rural communities. Data analysis will be derived from different seg ments depending on consumers’ need. Survey will be based on Celebrities Influence on Purchase decisions Scale and the question will focus on how individuals felt about such influences at the moment of experiment with an eight-point Likert scale represented as 1= Definitely False and 8= Definitely True. There will be 6 items to give a total score. The second section will focus on the question of how respondents responded to level of influence of instagram on purchases within Fashion industry in the course of the year or the level of influence based on offline WOM. This will be based on the Word of Mouth Scale with a five point Likert Scale represented as 1=Not at all true and 5= True all time. In this case there will be 10 items to give a total score (Carson et al, 2005; Crotty, 2005). Data Collection The data collection process will begin with a request to be submitted to institution’s administration for the purposes of conducting and collecting data. And at the same t ime disclosures of tests and surveys results of individuals involved in the research study. For the initial meeting, rules and time lines will be established of which the whole research will be undertaken within a period of six months. The researcher will pull all participants from various market segments (De Vaus, 2001). Data Analysis and Validation The researcher will be deeply involved based on personal experiences within international market environment. This will ensure that participants are well understood based on underlining behavior. Methodology applied within fashion industry will involve first hand information. Nature of market environment will be handled with equal seriousness based on consumer responses. The relationship between participants and researcher will be considered as that of instructor and nurturer. It will be important to enquire about participant’s background and goals for future applications (King and Horrocks, 2010). The researcher will fulfill sev eral roles for the present research. First, he will continue being a potential supplier of design goods and at the same time observe participant’s progress assessing their overall purchasing power and attitude towards designer products. This is important so as to understand what makes consumers change their purchasing choices within the same market. At the same time, it’s important to understand how exactly participants are performing. It is also necessary to observe participant’s behavior in case of any new product arrival within the market (Denzin and Lincoln, 2005). The researcher has a great opportunity to observe consumers within their various market segments. It is possible to observe whether participants cooperate, or whether they assist one another during learning lessons. Finally, participant’s attitude towards various design products is important since it assists in working out effective patterns on individual relationships between consumer and buying patterns (Murray and Ozanne, 1991). The kind of quantitative data collected will result in a number of tests. Such data will help define the dimension of the problem. The data will reveal motivational level of consumers based on their performance. The researcher will act as an advisor to participants during interview process assisting them whenever necessary. Finally, the researcher will conduct interviews and ask particular questions concerning participant’s background (Belk, 2008; Guba Lincoln, 2000). References Agger, B 1991, â€Å"Critical Theory, Poststructuralism, Postmodernism: Their Sociological Relevance,† Annual Review of Sociology, Vol. 1, No.17, pp. 105-131. Amoo, T Friedman, H 2000, â€Å"Overall Evaluation Rating Scales: An Assessment,† International Journal of Market Research, Vol. 3, No.42, pp. 301-363. Bearden, W Netemeyer, R, G 1999, Handbook of Marketing Scales: Multi-Item Measures for Marketing and Consumer Behavior Research, Second Edition, Sage, California. Benton, T Craib, I 2001, Philosophy of Social Science: The Philosophical Foundations of Social Thought, Palgrave, New York. Belk, W 2008, Handbook of Qualitative Research Methods in Marketing, Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd, Cheltenham Blaikie, N 1993, Approaches to Social Enquiry, Polity Press, Cambridge. Bryman, A Bell, E 2011, Business Research Methods, 3rd ed., Oxford University Press, Oxford. Butler-Kisber, L 2010, Qualitative Inquiry: Thematic, Narrative and Arts-Informed Perspectives, Sage, London. Carson, D, Gilmore, A, Perry, C Gronhaug, K 2001, Qualitative Marketing Research, Sage, London. Cherrier, H 2005, â€Å"Using Existential-Phenomenological Interviewing to Explore Meanings of Consumption,† in R, Harrison, T, Newholm and D, Shaw (ed.), The Ethical Consumer, Sage, London, pp. 125-135. Cresswell, J 2007, Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches, Second Edition, Sage, London. Cresswell, J 2008, Research D esign: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches, Third Edition, Sage, London. Crotty, M 2005, The Foundations of Social Research: Meaning and Perspective in the Research Process, Sage, London. Curasi, C 2001, â€Å"A Critical Exploration of Face-to-Face Interviewing vs. Computer-Mediated Interviewing,† International Journal of Market Research, Vol. 4, No. 43, pp. 361-375. Curasi, C, F, Hogg, M Maclaran, P 2001, â€Å"The Impact of the Net: Strategies for Consumer Behavior Research Design in the 21st Century,† Advances in Consumer Research, Vol. 28, pp. 205. De Vaus, D 2001, Surveys in Social Research, 5th Edition, Routledge, London. Denzin, N Lincoln, Y 2005, The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Research, Third Edition, Sage, London. Denzin, N Lincoln, Y 2003, Collecting and Interpreting Qualitative Materials, Sage, London. Denzin, N 1997, Interpretive Ethnography: Ethnographic Practices for the 21st Century, Sage, London. Dobscha, S Ozanne, J 2001, â₠¬Å"An Ecofeminist Analysis of Environmentally Sensitive Women Using Qualitative Methodology: The Emancipatory Potential of an Ecological Life,† Journal of Public Policy Marketing, Vol. 2, No. 20, pp. 201-214. Donoghue, S 2000, â€Å"Projective Techniques in Consumer Research,† Journal of Family Ecology and Consumer Sciences, Vol. 28, pp. 47-53. Elliott, R Jankel-Elliott, N 2003, â€Å"Using Ethnography in Strategic Consumer Research,† Qualitative Market Research, Vol. 4, No.6, pp. 215-223. Firat, A Dholakia, N 2006, â€Å"Theoretical and Philosophical Implications of Postmodern Debates: Some Challenges to Modern Marketing,† Marketing Theory, Vol. 6, No 2, pp. 123-162. Gruber, T 2008, â€Å"Designing and Conducting Online Interviews to Investigate Interesting Consumer Phenomena,† Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, Vol. 3, No11, pp. 256-274. Guba, E Lincoln, Y 2000, â€Å"Competing Paradigms in Qualitative Research,† in N, K, Denzin and Y, S, Lincoln (ed.), Handbook of Qualitative Research, Sage, London, pp. 195-220. Hammersley, M 2009, Questioning Qualitative Inquiry, Sage, London. James, N Busher, H 2009, Online Interviewing, Sage, London. Keller, E Berry, J 2006, â€Å"Word-of-mouth: the real action is offline,† Advertising Age, Vol. 77, No 2, p. 20. King, N Horrocks, C 2010, Interviews in Qualitative Research, Sage, London. Kliatchko, J 2008, Revisiting the IMC construct: a revised definition and four pillars. International Journal of Advertising, Vol. 1, No. 27, pp. 133–160. Kotler, P Armstrong, G 2012, Principles of marketing, 14 ed, Prentice Hall, New Jersey. Murray, J Ozanne, J 1991, â€Å"The Critical Imagination: Emancipatory Interests in Consumer Research,† Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 2, No.18, pp. 129-144. Moisander, J Valtonen, A 2006, Qualitative Marketing Research: A Cultural Approach, Sage, London. Nail, J 2005, What’s the buzz on word-of-mou th marketing? Social computing and  consumer control put momentum into viral marketing, viewed from https://go.forrester.com/ Perry, C 1998, â€Å"Processes of a Case Study Methodology for Postgraduate Research in Marketing,† European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 32, No. 9/10, pp. 785-802. Pink, S 2001, Doing Visual Ethnography, Sage, London. Pink, S 2009, Doing Sensory Ethnography, Sage, London Saunders, K, Thornhill, A Lewis, P 2012, Research Methods for Business Students, 5th Ed., Financial Times/ Prentice Hall, Harlow. Silverman, D 2001, Interpreting Qualitative Data: Methods for Analyzing Talk, Text and Interaction, Sage, London. Strauss, A Corbin, J 1998, Basics of qualitative research: techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory, Sage, London. This proposal on The Impact of Instagram on Consumers’ Purchase Intentions in the Fashion Industry in Thailand was written and submitted by user Kailyn Phillips to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on The Constructivist Learning Model

Constructivist Learning Theory The latest catchword in educational circles is "constructivism, " applied both to learning theory and to epistemology-both to how people learn, and to the nature of knowledge.1,2 We don't need to succumb to each new fad, but we do need to think about our work in relation to theories of learning and knowledge. So we need to ask: what is constructivism, what does it have to tell us that is new and relevant, and how do we apply it to our work? As far as I can see, there is nothing dramatically new in constructivism: the core ideas expressed by it have been clearly enunciated by John Dewey among others, but there is a new, widespread acceptance of this old set of ideas. and new research in cognitive psychology to support it. I would like to give a brief exposition of ideas central to constructivism and widely accepted today by educators. curriculum developers and cognitive psychologists, and then suggest what they mean for museum educators. Constructivism What is meant by constructivism? The term refers to the idea that learners construct knowledge for themselves-each learner individually (and socially) constructs meaning-as he or she learns. 3 Constructing meaning is learning; there is no other kind. The dramatic consequences of this view are twofold; 1) we have to focus on the learner in thinking about learning (not on the subject/lesson to be taught): 2) There is no knowledge independent of the meaning attributed to experience (constructed) by the learner, or community of learners. Let me discuss the second point first because, although it appears radical on an everyday level, it is a position which has been frequently adopted ever since people began to ponder epistemology. If we accept constructivist theory (which means we are willing to follow in the path of Dewey, Piaget and Vigotsky among others), then we have to give up Platonic and all subsequent realistic views of epistemology. We ha... Free Essays on The Constructivist Learning Model Free Essays on The Constructivist Learning Model Constructivist Learning Theory The latest catchword in educational circles is "constructivism, " applied both to learning theory and to epistemology-both to how people learn, and to the nature of knowledge.1,2 We don't need to succumb to each new fad, but we do need to think about our work in relation to theories of learning and knowledge. So we need to ask: what is constructivism, what does it have to tell us that is new and relevant, and how do we apply it to our work? As far as I can see, there is nothing dramatically new in constructivism: the core ideas expressed by it have been clearly enunciated by John Dewey among others, but there is a new, widespread acceptance of this old set of ideas. and new research in cognitive psychology to support it. I would like to give a brief exposition of ideas central to constructivism and widely accepted today by educators. curriculum developers and cognitive psychologists, and then suggest what they mean for museum educators. Constructivism What is meant by constructivism? The term refers to the idea that learners construct knowledge for themselves-each learner individually (and socially) constructs meaning-as he or she learns. 3 Constructing meaning is learning; there is no other kind. The dramatic consequences of this view are twofold; 1) we have to focus on the learner in thinking about learning (not on the subject/lesson to be taught): 2) There is no knowledge independent of the meaning attributed to experience (constructed) by the learner, or community of learners. Let me discuss the second point first because, although it appears radical on an everyday level, it is a position which has been frequently adopted ever since people began to ponder epistemology. If we accept constructivist theory (which means we are willing to follow in the path of Dewey, Piaget and Vigotsky among others), then we have to give up Platonic and all subsequent realistic views of epistemology. We ha...

How To Become A Writer

How To Become A Writer How To Become A Writer How To Become A Writer By Mark Nichol Write. In order to be able to call yourself a writer, all you have to do is write. But I have another piece of advice: Don’t go passing out business cards emblazoned with that word just yet. Malcolm Gladwell is a fascinating writer (one who deserves those business cards) who has an uncanny knack for extrapolating from mundane facts and ideas from an oblique and unique angle. In his book Outliers: The Story of Success, he describes an intriguing concept popularly known as the 10,000-Hour Rule. Simply stated, it points out that most people who become highly accomplished at one endeavor or another have at least one thing in common: They’ve worked at it for 10,000 hours. So, if you haven’t devoted an hour a day into writing for the last thirty years, or three hours a day for the past decade, or an equivalent total, don’t be surprised that you can’t find your name on the New York Times best seller list. Take heart, however, that you don’t need to log five figures’ worth of writing time to satisfying your desire to compose prose (or poetry, or nonfiction). But ignore James Brown’s advice to get up offa that thing sit down on that thing and write. It doesn’t matter what you write, but it matters that you write. It also matters that you read and, similarly, the what isn’t as important as the that: that you read. Read literary classics and airport novels and graphic novels. Read biographies and memoirs and as-told-tos. Read magazines and newspapers and blogs. Read about people and places and things real and imagined. But learn to distinguish between bad writing and good writing and great writing. Notice the style and tone and technique of the great stuff. Don’t try to imitate it, but recognize it and what it does for your reading experience. Think about what you want the experience to be like for your readers. Don’t forget, though, the most important reason to write: for your own enjoyment the joy of creation, the joy of reading the story you had to write because nobody else had done so until you came along. Don’t write with any goal in mind except this one: to complete a story a novel, a novella, a short story, a short short story so that you can read it. I’ll return to this topic with posts about elements of fiction writing and others about writing nonfiction, but I’ll sign off for now, because I don’t want to keep you from your writing. What are you waiting for? Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Writing Basics category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:25 Subordinating Conjunctions50 Nautical Terms in General UseThe Two Sounds of G

Cuban Collection Against the United States Essay

Cuban Collection Against the United States - Essay Example This paper will also examine if the Cubans are just hedging their bets in case the United States decides to launch a regime change against the communist nation. Plans to purchase Cuba from the Spanish Empire were put forward by the United States. This saw the United States having a strong influence in Cuban’s political affairs (Leslie 1994, 24). However, there had been an intriguing collection of espionage cases on the US department of Defense: Defense Personnel Security Research Centre (Collins 2001, 23). After World War II, there were ‘number stations’ all round the globe which were described as shortwave radio stations characterized by their unique broadcasts (Moreno 2012, 15). The best known of the number stations was the â€Å"Lincolnshire poacher†, suspected to have been run by the SIS (Moreno 2012, 17). Later on in 2001, the United States government arrested the Cuban five on charges related to spying for Cuba. They were alleged to have received messages from a Cuban number station broadcast (Collins 2001, 78). Others even claimed that these stations related to illegal drug smuggling (Leslie 1994, 35). However, this was not the end of all the spying cases on the United States. In 2001, Anna Montes who was a senior US Defense Intelligence agency analyst was arrested and charged for espionage crimes. Anna Montes communicated with the Cuban Intelligence Directorate through messages encoded and received by the encrypted shortwave transmissions from Cuba (Moreno 2012, 34). However, this did not end even before the arrest of Carlos Alvarez, his wife Elsa, and even the arrest of Walter Kendall Myers in 2009. Allegedly, Walter Myers was charged with con spiracy to spy for Cuba by receiving and decoding some messages that were being sent from the Cuban Intelligence Directorate’s number station (Moreno 2012, 39). The Cuban government came up with all these ways of spying on the United States in order to avoid the United States government from

What's Up with the Weather by Jon Palfreman Essay

What's Up with the Weather by Jon Palfreman - Essay Example Wigly of the National Center for Atmospheric Research, and conservative scientists and industrialists including James Tefril and Fred Singer of George Mason University and Fred Palmer of the Western Fuels Association. The subject : The burning of fossil fuels increases atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, exacerbating the "greenhouse effect." According to Fred Palmer from Western Fuels, "There is no basis to say that more carbon dioxide in the air is going to lead to a catastrophic global warming." But Marty Hobert of New York University states that "If man is going to have a future on this planet, it is absolutely inevitable we must find another source of energy." Tom Wigly of the National Center for Atmospheric Research believes that the time for mankind is near an end, that due to the doubling of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, the average world temperature will soon rise five degrees Celsius, eight degrees Fahrenheit. Fred Singer and Jamjes Tefril of George Mason University find the data ambiguous. "You're dealing with something that's very complicated," says Teferil. "You're dealing with something where there's legitimate uncertainty in the science." In 1997 Charles Keeling published forty years of observations which showed a rise in carbon dioxide levels from 330 to 370 parts per million, directly attributable to the use of fossil fuels by industry.

Studying for a Degree Essay Example for Free

Studying for a Degree Essay The above report is based on research and analysis produced by the Office of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). The report comments on the advantages to the UK economy from people with a degree in terms of tax income and reduced unemployment. The report arranges an objective argument in from a number of authoratitive reports and sources, on whether higher education is a contributing to factor economic growth and whether it should receive support and investment. According to the report male graduates can expect to earn $208000 more than people without a degree. The benefits to the states are $95000 in tax income and reduced unemployment. The critic of the report Professor Allison Wolf does not think the OECD’s analysis and findings are inaccurate. She believes anything extra a graduate earns is not directly attributed to having a degree and therefore should not be subsidised by the government. Studying for a Degree: UK versus USA. Both the Kingdom and United States boast a pool of universities which are world renowned and among the best in the world. This is a brief summary of studying the benefits and disadvantages of studying at both .Tuition costs are significantly higher in the USA compared to the UK, on average the highest fees charged are $12000 in the UK compared with $50000 in the USA. However the UK offer student loans systems which is only paid back once graduates are earning  £21,000 or more, and many universities in the USA provide high levels of means tested financial support (Guardian, 2011) which student do not have to pay back, in an attempt by US universities to attract international talent. Course length also varies, UK degree courses are mainly taught over three years where as courses in the USA last 4 and even 5 years, increasing the cost of studying in the USA. (Word Count 323).

Technology, Belief Systems and the Individual in Dune and Foundation Es

Technology, Belief Systems and the Individual in Dune and Foundation Technology and belief have a great deal to do in making a good science fiction novel. Frank Herbert's Dune and Isaac Asimov's Foundation Series give excellent examples of this. Belief systems are defined as religious beliefs in a society. Technology is defined as the level of science achieved in a society. These two factors play separate roles in a society.   Yet, at times, they fall into the same categories like in the book Dune where science reflects religious aspects or in Foundation where the society depends on religion and social behavior to survive the onslaught of advanced technology. Religion might be a fuel to achieve a specific level of technology. Such as in the Bible, "Seek and you shall find." May mean that God wants all Christians to achieve the highest amount of experience that they are capable of. Religion gives an individual, morals and control, while science gives an individual the medium under which he can explore the hidden. Dune is a fine example that shows the mingling of religion and science and how it affects the individual or society.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Religion is the main idea in the book Dune.   The author states the different types of religions that come to pass since the beginning of this age. Before the coming of Muad'Dib (a savior), the desert people on the planet of Arrakis practiced a religion whose roots came from an undetermined source. Many scholars have traced the extensive borrowing of this religion from other religions. Many people were confused to find that so many ideas in one religion easily reflected another. From this confusion, the people of Arrakis formed a committee known as the Orange Catholic Liturgical Church. This ch... ...changeably. In other words religion and technology have to become a part of each other. In Foundation, these is a lack of religious beliefs and a lack of social behavior among the people and the government known as the Empire, until the savior discovers the truth and proves that a society cannot rely upon technology alone. In the book Dune on the other hand religion and technology are the cornerstones of the society and the people think of scientific events such as space travel as a religious event. However, this relationship becomes fragile as the greed among the people destroys those cornerstones and as a result, the society. In every community, religion and technology are together in harmony which brings order to an individual's mind, therefore it is very important to maintain that order in a society. Works Cited: Herbert, Frank. Dune. New York: Ace, 1965.

Ideologically Correct Science Essay

The book â€Å"Science and Ideology: A Comparative History† by Mark Walker seeks to give a comparative history of ideology and science in the 20th century. Chapter 3, â€Å"Ideologically Correct Science,† is considered to be one of the strongest chapters of the work. Conventionally, scholars have taken the cases of Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union as typical examples in studying the relationship between ideology and science. However, in Chapter 3 of the book, Gordin, Grunden, Walker, and Wang expand conventional analysis to include the cases of France, Japan, the United States, and China. The purpose is to arrive at an examination of how science functioned in different countries under different ideological regimes. â€Å"Ideologically correct science† is defined as the â€Å"attempts by the state (or at least some representatives of, or forces within the state) to not only use science, but also transform it into a more ideologically accepted form, both with regard to scientific content and institutions† (Gordin, 2003, p. 35). Science is studied in relation to ideology because it is generally assumed that science is influenced by the political environment. However, how this relationship takes place in specific circumstances is not clearly known (Gordin, 2003). Some examples cited by Gordin et al. that demonstrate the call for an ideologically correct science under different types of regime include the Jacobins indicating the need for a democratic and not aristocratic science in the French Revolution, The Bolsheviks calling for a Marxist and not a bourgeoisie science in the Soviet Union, and the Red Guards highlighting a people’s science during Mao’s Cultural Revolution, to name a few (Gordin, 2003). Gordin et al. proceed to cite different cases that demonstrate the interplay of science and ideology. They examine the state of science amid political and social upheavals in France, Japan, Soviet Union, the United States, and China. The different examples clearly have similarities and differences, and several conclusions were made. First, science is not determined by ideology, nor is it entirely not influenced by ideology. Second, there is no regime that has attempted to invariably enforce on its scientists an ideologically correct science. A part of the regime or certain individuals might have attempted to do so, but they do not represent the entirety of the political system. Furthermore, there are certainly other reasons for the attempt apart from the goal to enforce an ideologically correct science. Third, not one ideology, not even democracy, was successful in imposing its ideological standards to its scientists. According to Gordin et al. communist governments might appear to have been more imposing, but in fact, they were even more flexible and practical at times (Gordin, 2003). Evidently, there are similarities and differences in the relationship between science and ideology in the examined cases, but bottom line is, no political system has shown itself to be better or worse at harnessing science. This is because scientists frequently respond to the pressures they face from the government by sim ply cooperating with the regime instead of resisting or attempting to transform it. In summary, Gordin et al. ’s â€Å"Ideologically Correct Science† in Walker’s â€Å"Science and Ideology: A Comparative History† presents a relevant examination of science and ideology as earlier works mostly focused on Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union only. The analysis, although sacrificing depth over breadth, gives an expanded view through the use of different cases and regimes where the relationship can be more closely examined. Second, the careful analysis helps us arrive at a thorough understanding of the issue. While we assume that science should generally be uninfluenced by any factor, more so by political and ideological ones, it is certain that we agree, to some extent, that it is influenced and shaped by ideology through the imposition of its standards and requirements. The essay of Gordin et al. helped clarify that the relationship between the two is not simplistic as it seems. In fact, their interaction can best be described as complex and subtle. Finally, the essay is well organized as it gives a brief introduction of the topic before citing the individual cases and finally presenting the conclusions of the work. Overall, it is a must-read for individuals interested in the relationship between ideology and science in the 20th century, particularly on how science is shaped under different ideologies in different countries.

Human resouce management Essay

1. To confirm that the supervisor’s claims are true, who will you contact? What questions will you ask? What precautions should you take to assure that your investigation is confidential and legally defensible? To confirm that the supervisor’s claims are true, I would contact data processing to look at the sales data. I would want a record of Jeanette’s sales, and also the department sales for comparison. I would also request this from the supervisor. I would instruct both the DP department and the Sales Manager to keep my request confidential. However, it would be reasonable to confirm data so there is nothing wrong with checking data. 2. Review the documentation available related to this case. Is there enough documentation in place based on discipline policy and your experience as an HR manager? Explain. There is enough documentation based on the discipline policy to suspend the employee. According to Exhibit 12.3.5 an employee will be given a verbal warning, which is signed by supervisor (12.3.3.). Next a written warning will be documented, signed by supervisor (12.3.2). I am guessing the dates are October of prior year for exhibit 12.3.3. It is followed by December to June of the next year. In Exhibit 12.3.4 follows the procedure of a written warning to be documented and copied to the HR manager. The next step, however, is suspension. The employee should be suspended. The sales manager is correct, it will not help most likely, but that is the company policy. 3. Assume that the termination is warranted. Managers typically hold termination meetings at The Daily Review but it is not unheard of for the HR department to conduct this meeting. Given the available information, who should conduct the meeting? What steps will you take to prepare the manager and/or yourself for this meeting? Prepare an agenda for the termination meeting. Nevertheless, assuming the termination is warranted it would be wise for the sales manager to handle the termination in the presence of an HR representative. I would go through the entire process with the sales manager of possible scenarios. In addition, I would confirm that he would call Jeanette in, inform her of his decision to terminate her based on her lack of sales and failure to schedule training previously petitioned. The agenda would inquire to call Jeanette in the office. Tell her she is being terminated for failure to perform her job and to attend training. Hand Jeanette her last check, walk her to her desk to get her belongings and assist her out the door. Terminations should be handled quickly and professionally. I would advice Paul, the sales manager, not to add any editorial comments regarding her performance but keep to the bare minimum on the facts. This termination should not come as a surprise to Jeanette. She and the rest of the department are aware that she is not making sales. It is time for a change, while the process should be professional, without emotion and discussion. 4. The Daily Register has some guidelines for severance packages, benefits, and outplacement services, but they are very informal and typically decided upon on a case-by-case basis. In this situation, what would you recommend for Jeanette? I would not offer Jeanette any severance package, benefits, or outplacement services. Jeanette was warned she was not completing her job. She has already cost the company money for failure to perform her duties. Discussion Question #6 I know, this unit_6 is talking about to build relationship, but some times is necessary to fire people. The question here is on how to terminate employees for cause, typically for disciplinary reasons or for poor performance. How do I fire people legally and humanely? Three Legal Reasons for Terminating an Employee 1. The first legal reason that an employer can use to confirm the termination of an employee is if the employee violated a â€Å"known† company rule. For such reason to be upheld in a court of law, the employer will need to prove that: (1) the rule actually exists; (2) the employee knew that it existed; (3) the rule was violated; (4) other employees were terminated for the same infraction; and (5) the termination was reasonable punishment for the infraction. 2. The second legal reason to terminate an employee is if they are not able to perform their job sufficiently. I order to defend this reason for termination in a court of law the employer must be capable to establish that the employee was incompetent to do their tasks. For instance, the employer took reasonable steps to try and improve the employee’s performance by addressing the issue’s in several instances before terminating the employee. Documented evidence is crucial in a scenario like this to prove that the employer’s position in this kind of situation is correct and legitimate. 3. The final legal reason for terminating an employee is if it is in the best economic interest of the company in question. For example, the company is downsizing its workforce for economic reasons. Layoffs are common reasons for terminations in firms that are downsizing or restructuring. Courtesy should be held high in a layoff situation, giving employees who are involved in a layoff need to be given at least 60 days notice. This civility or remark is required by the Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act (WARN). http://www.aftermarket.org/Magazine/InsiderArchives/Toolbox/Termination.pdf http://www.doleta.gov/programs/factsht/warn.htm View as multi-pages

Endurance and Flexibility Essays

Muscular Strength/Endurance and Flexibility Essays Muscular Strength/Endurance and Flexibility Essay Muscular Strength/Endurance and Flexibility Essay Muscular strength and endurance are measures of muscular fitness. Muscular strength is the maximal force generated by a specific muscle or muscle group at a specified velocity. Muscular endurance is the ability to maintain a submaximal force (i.e pushup tests). Muscular strength tests can be divided into 2 basic types. Dynamic strength the force generated by concentric, eccentric, or isokinetic contraction (i.e. 1 repetition maximum). The speed of movement is often not controlled in these measurements. Static strength measures the force generated by muscles during an isometric contraction. During an isometric contraction there is no shortening of the muscle and no joint movement.Muscular fitness testing is plagued by problems of standardization techniques to quantify muscular fitness due to types of muscle contraction (concentric vs eccentric), changes in force with respect to joint angle, and speed of contraction. The National Strength and Conditioning Associ ation (NSCA) and American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) have tried to address these problems by standardizing muscular strength tests. However, the present normative and standard data relating to muscular fitness are invalid, unreliable and/or outdated.A new approach to assess muscular fitness and endurance is isokinetic testing. Isokinetic testing can be used to assess muscular strength through a range of motion at a constant velocity. The equipment measures rotational force, torque, generated. Torque refers to a rotational force that is applied about an axis. It is equal to the force applied to lever and measured in foot-pounds or Newton-meters.Torque = Force x lever arm distance (units are Ft-Lbs or Nm)The ability to generate muscular force is dependent on the velocity of the contraction (Figure 1). The greatest force a muscle can produce is at low velocities. Therefore, as velocity increases the amount of force generated is decreased. This relationship is also related to the power (F x D/T) whereas: low power is generated by low force and high velocity: moderate velocity and moderate force generate greatest power: and low velocity and high force generate the low power (Figure 2). At low velocities (30-60à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ per sec), isokinetic testing can measure strength (force). At moderate velocities, it can assess muscular endurance (ability to sustain contractions) and at high velocities it can quantify muscular power (force generated over time).Figure 1: Force versus velocityFigure 2: Power versus velocityAthletes with higher percentage of type II fibers are able to generate more force at higher velocities (power) versus those with slower type I fibers. Also the fatigue rate during repetitive contractions at certain velocities can be used to indirectly determine fiber type distribution. Humans with a greater percentage of type II fibers (fatigue prone) will have a greater fatigue rate than type I fibers (fatigue resistant). It also appears that muscle c an be trained (specificity of training) to generate more power at higher velocities. In most team sports, power is the most crucial variable in terms of explosive athletic performance but is often ignored by coaches and athletes.Another important component of physical fitness testing is flexibility. Flexibility is the maximum ability to move a joint through a range of motion. Flexibility is dependent on a number of factors including muscle temperature, muscle blood flow and prior exercise. It is also dependent on physical activity and age. Physical activity appears to be the most important determinant of flexibility. Physical inactivity results in the shortening of connective tissue and results in the loss of ROM about a joint. Age also plays a factor due to loss of elastic properties of the connective tissue and decrease in physical activity. However, flexibility can be improved due to physical inactivity and/ or age with a flexibility exercise program.Flexibility is specific to th e movement of the joint. Therefore, flexibility in one area does not represent whole body flexibility. Flexibility can be measured by a number of means including goniometers, flexometers, and inclinometers which measure the ROM. The most popular flexibility measure in the health and fitness setting is the sit and reach test. The sit and reach test measures the flexibility of the trunk indirectly by measuring how far one can reach while sitting down. It is often used to assess the potential for lower back pain but research indicates it correlates poorly with low back flexibility. The rationale for this is unproven and has not been demonstrated (ACSM, 1995)The purpose of this laboratory is to become familiar with testing of muscular fitness (muscular endurance, static and isokinetic) testing and become proficient in measuring lower trunk flexibility.Procedures:Muscular FitnessIsokinetic (Lido)1) Isokinetic testing will be performed on all subjects at speeds corresponding to 60, 180 an d 240 degrees per sec2) Each individual will perform 3-5 maximum knee extension contractions at the various speeds3) Record your peak torque for each three speeds: slow (60à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½), moderate (180à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½) and fast (240à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½)4) Record values on board for each individualStatic Strength (hand dynamometer)1) Isometric hand grip strength will be administered2) Adjust hand grip width of the hand dynamometer so it fits comfortably.3) Have the subject stand erect with arms relaxed and by the sides4) Place hand dynamometer in hand with dial facing outward5) Have subject squeeze hand dynamometer as hard as possible while keeping the arm immobile6) Repeat 3 times record best effortDynamic muscular endurance (push up test)1) For males, assume standard push up position with back straight, head up, hands placed shoulder width apart2) Place your fist on the floor below and count the number of repetitions performed by the number of times the chest touches your fist3) For females, mo dify the standard push up position by having them kneel with their knees bent at 90à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ with ankles crossed.4) There is no criteria for completing a push up do not place hands below chest5) Count the number of consecutive repetitions performed without restFlexibility Modified sit and reach1) Perform a moderate warm-up2) The test should be performed with a smooth movement and during exhalation3) Have subject remove shoes and sit with back flat against a wall4) Place the end of the sit and reach against their feet5) The heel should be placed about 10-12 inches apart and feet should flat against the side of the sit and reach box6) Have subject reach as far forward with back flat against wall record the position with a meter ruler as zero7) The participant should slowly reach forward with the hands parallel and reach as far forward as possible with minimal discomfort. Be sure to keep hands on yardstick and knees stay extended.8) The maximum reach as measured by the ruler is the score. Repeat test 3 times. The best trial is used to assess the individual flexibility9) Make sure to instruct the patient to not hold breath or not to stretch to where it is causing undue pain.10) Refer to table for normative data.Data Analysis1) Make a table of all your results and compare them to norms.2) When appropriate interpret absolute and relative norms3) Graph the peak torque versus speed for the isokinetic testDiscussion (Please read Ch 7 8 , pages 150, 399-402)1) Which test measures muscular fitness the best? Are the values for each muscular testconsistent? Why? Can muscular fitness be assessed by one test?2) Based on your graph, at what velocity do you develop the most force? At this velocity doyou also reach peak power? Why?3) How would you use this knowledge to train an athlete competing in a team sport? You canchoose any team sport to answer this question.4) How much potential does a sprinter have who can run the 100 yd dash in 17.0 secs? Why?What sport might this individual excel at? Why?5) Is the sit and reach test a valid measure of your flexibility? Why is stretching an important component of an exercise program? Are there other ways to improve your flexibility without stretching?

3 Expert Tips for Using the Unit Circle

3 Expert Tips for Using the Unit Circle SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you’re studying trig or calculus- or getting ready to- you’ll need to get familiar with the unit circle. The unit circle isan essential tool used to solve for the sine, cosine, and tangent of an angle. But how does it work? And what information do you need to know in order to use it? In this article, we explain what the unit circle is and why you should know it. We also give you three tips to help you remember how to use the unit circle.

HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AGGINMENT(short answer questions) Essay

HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AGGINMENT(short answer questions) - Essay Example Another important external factor is globalization which has created new business opportunities. HR departments have to analyze the benefits and costs of outsourcing business processes (Richardson & Thompson, 1999: Pg 67). The HR department is also influenced by the internal factors. Technology, innovation, and creativity might be implemented at the workplace. The HR department can seek to hire and recruit workers who have adequate skills in installing and configuring technological applications. Innovation and creativity is also required in order to enhance productivity and output. HR departments need to take into account the individual factors. Employees must have high levels of organizational commitment and job satisfaction in order to function at optimum levels. The HR department plans a system of incentives and rewards for performing employees. It can use assessment instruments in order to create satisfactory work environment. The HR department is at the forefront of an organization’s corporate strategy. The work force should be selected on the basis of certain competencies. Workers should exhibit high levels of efficiency and effectiveness. Their ability to work as teams and under pressure improves the corporate strategy of the organization. Further the work force should demonstrate efficiency and effectiveness. The goal of the HR department should be develop specific competencies like leadership, management, organization, planning, and coordination amongst the work force. Workers should be trained to collaborate and cooperate with each other (Beaumont, 1993: Pg 123). A dual HR strategy refers to the creation of appropriate business rules and regulations. It seeks to regulate and monitor employee actions and performance. The advantages of this approach are that it enables the department to create accurate and reliable job descriptions. Further employee concerns and aspirations are addressed in a s mart and reliable manner. A

The Housewife who got off the Couch Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Housewife who got off the Couch - Essay Example In an article entitled â€Å"The Housewife Who Got Up Off the Couch,† the story is told of Eleanor Josaitis. Josaitis is a Detroit woman who, as a housewife and mother of five, decided one day that she was going to make a difference in her backyard. Working with other community leaders, Josaitis has been successful in founding a non-profit organization in the heart of Detroit that provides job training and support for low-income families designed to get them off of the poverty rolls. Analyzing the article for evidence of enlightened self-interest provides clues to Josaitis’ goals and ethical principles as well as provides tools for assessing the role of ethics within the business organization. Enlightened self-interest is a basic concept stating that the best way one can help oneself is to help others. The article refers to this type of interest when it illustrates the reasons why Josaitis began getting involved in her community. â€Å"In 1962, as she sat watching a television program about the Nuremberg trials, Josaitis – then a housewife with five children – asked herself what she would have done if atrocities were taking place in her own backyard† (147-148). Discovering that atrocities were taking place in her backyard in the form of the Civil Rights Movement in the South followed by race riots in Detroit, she co-founded the Focus: HOPE organization. Thus, Josaitis was motivated to help others because they were suffering near her own home. Her participation in protest movements in support of the black people’s bid for equal rights is an example of indirect enlightened self-interest in that Josaitis knew something had to change for black peop le but did not see the immediate connection to her personal living situation. This became direct enlightened self-interest when she watched her city burn during race riots, literally

Different types of camps that the Nazi used and their purposes Essay

Different types of camps that the Nazi used and their purposes - Essay Example Thus, the Nazi’s established concentration camps in 1933 for terrorizing the Jewish communities1. During the period of 1933 and 1945, nearly 20,000 camps were built for the purpose of serving various functions. In order to effectively identify them, different names were given, such as labor camps or Arbeitslager, prison-of-war camps or Kriegsgefangenlager, transit camps or Durchgangslager, concentration camps or Konzentrationslager along with killing and death camps often referred as extermination or Vernichutungslager2. Initially the camps were built to hold political prisoners but following the World War II, the concentration camps were expanded and transformed with the intention to capture nonpolitical prisoners who were exploited by the Nazi’s through forced labor. The prisoners were literally ill treated and left to die because of the terrible living conditions. The use of concentration camps can be distinctly divided into three different periods, namely, 1933-1936 , 1936-1942 and 1942-1945. The first period saw the emergence of Adolf Hitler when the camps were primarily used for detaining political adversaries who opposed the Nazi government. Within a span of few months approximately 27,000 people were detained citing the reason of ‘protective custody’. The second period marked the emergence of World War II and the Nazi’s used these camps for forced labor. Throughout the entire period the inmates were treated as labors and were forcefully made to work for the Nazi’s. The last period i.e. during the late period of 1941 these camps were transformed into death camps where innumerable people belonging to the Soviet Union were tortured and murdered brutally3. Different Types and Purposes of the Camps Forced Labor Camps In September 1939, German’s invaded Poland following which numerous prisoners of war were confined and detained in these camps. The extreme living conditions forced these prisoners to die out of exh austion, starvation and torturous treatment. The prisoners were provided with improper facilities and during the winters they were compelled to stay without any clothes, proper nourishment and food. In these tough conditions the prisoners were forcefully required to perform various labor related works for the government agencies. The sophisticated males of Jewish were forced to live in ‘Ghetos’ and work in the plants that manufactured weapons used in wars. The Jews had no other choice than to work as it was the only possible way to survive in the shackles of the Nazi’s. The physically unfit Jews who were unable to work were shot and killed. In addition, the Nazis introduced a policy named ‘annihilation’ in which few types of prisoners were made to work, till death. They were purposely assigned works, the circumstances of which were bound to make them sick and die due to illness. For instance, at the Mauthausen concentration camp, the prisoners were a sked to carry boulders and run 186 steps which were made up of stone extracts every day until they fell sick and died4. In the year 1941, the Germans invaded Soviet Union and captured millions of people generally termed as Prisoners of War (POWs). These POWs were intentionally left to die by denying them the basic

Schizophrenia: Treatment, Portrayal and Stigma

Schizophrenia: Treatment, Portrayal and Stigma ABSTRACT MENTAL ILLNESS AS PORTRAYED IN THE MOVIE A BEAUTIFUL MIND Associated Signs and Symptoms of Schizophrenia The movie A Beautiful Mind is an adaptation of the book by the same name and is a biopic based on the life of Nobel Prize winning economist, John Forbes Nash, Jr. The movie portrays the symptoms and treatment for paranoid schizophrenia from which John Nash suffers. He has episodes of auditory and visual hallucinations and has frequent interactions with imaginary people. This paper attempts to present a reflective case study of the patient as presented in the movie. The patient when treated for hallucinations has certain negative reactions to the medicine, to overcome which, he avoids them, relapsing into his earlier condition. The patient mentions taking newer medications later on which also help him decide between the reality and delusion. At the end of the movie, the patient is seen to have overcome this disorder by learning to ignore his hallucinations. This paper discusses alternate treatment as well as recommendations for future mental health nursing practices. In the movie, A Beautiful Mind, the protagonist, demonstrates the classical symptoms of paranoid schizophrenia. The protagonist, John Nash, suffered from schizophrenia which was only discovered at a later stage. During his college years at Princeton, Johns room-mate and best-friend was a man named Charles, who is later found out to be one of Johns hallucinations (A Beautiful Mind 2001). As time goes by, his hallucinations become more frequent and violent as he soon believes himself to be working for the US government on a top secret project to which no one, not even his wife had access to. When he started missing classes a psychiatrist was called in to look into his condition and he found the stay at the asylum unpleasant and believed it to be a Soviet plan to stop him from working on his secret governmental mission. His wife had trouble believing the psychiatrist at first as she believed her husbands story to be true and very real. But she realized the problem when she went to his c ollege to find out what he used to do during work and found magazine clippings pasted all over the room. She also discovered the unopened confidential envelopes that were supposed to be sent out to Mr. Parcher, the person who put John up to the secret mission. The story revolves around how John has to face reality when his make-belief world is so real to him. He can finally confront his reality when he realizes that Charles niece, Marcee, never grew any older than when he had first met her. With continual medication, he learns to ignore the fictional characters in his life and starts to teach again, at Princeton. He goes on to win the Nobel Prize in Economics and lives a happier life. Paranoid schizophrenia is only one of numerous categories of schizophrenia which is a chronic mental disease. People suffering from this kind of mental illness are not able to interpret reality in a normal way and are said to suffer from psychosis. Around 40 percent of schizophrenic cases are of paranoid schizophrenia. The symptoms usually start being displayed at later ages from around the ages of 25 or 30. The typical symptoms of paranoid schizophrenia include hallucinations and delusions that have no connection with reality. The ability to think and function normally is affected and though paranoid schizophrenia is a milder form of the disorder it can have lifelong ramifications and can even result in suicidal behavior and other complications. Usually the onset of the illness is marked by a sense of grandiosity and this preponderance is seen in case of delusion and/or a sense of persecution. The onset of the disease can be quite sudden and the deterioration in the condition of the patient can be quite rapid. The recognition and identification of these symptoms can be quite difficult for people with no prior experience or exposure to this situation. More perceptive relatives and friends may be able to recognize a heightened state of nervous tension, irritability, anger, jealousy and argumentative behavior (Kennard 2008). However, the good news is that with proper diagnosis and treatment patients overcome the symptoms and lead a happy life. Treatment Modalities Specific to Schizophrenia The symptoms displayed by John Nash in the film are very distinct and classic. The hallucinations of his room-mate, Charles and later that of Mr. Parcher, the US government official, and finally of Marcee show that his illness was detected at a very advanced stage where the diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia needed to be treated symptomatically and with continued medication and therapy. The medications that Nash is put under are the antipsychotic drugs and insulin shock therapy. He was confined and had to be kept under constant supervision at the mental hospital. During particularly severe conditions he had to be bound and kept in solitary internment. The major part of Nashs treatment included Dr. Rosens recommendation of insulin shock therapy, which is a conventional method of treating mental illness and is now considered to be outdated and antipsychotic drugs. The insulin coma therapy and convulsive therapy have now been replaced by antipsychotic drugs that have greater efficacy and lesser adverse effects. Antipsychotic drugs are tranquilizing medicines that are used to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. The first generation of anti-psychotic drugs included clozapine (Monson 2008) which acted on the receptor sites of neurotransmitter, dopamine. Clozapine is a prescription drug for advanced conditions of schizophrenia and is also sold in the market under the trademark of Clozaril and FazaClo. It is sold specifically under prescription as tablets. It reduces the heightened sensitivity by blocking dopamine and serotonin from being transmitted in the brain. Some adverse side effects of clozapine can be drowsiness, constipation, and weight gain. Sodium valproate is an anticonvulsant that is now commonly used in treating psychiatric disorders particularly in the treatment of psychosis and depression (Omranifard, Amel Amanat 2010). Some common side effects of prolonged use of these medicines are weight gain, diabetes, drowsiness, spasms and tremors (NIH 2010). Some other symptoms like tardive dyskinesia (NIH 2010) which causes twitching around the mouth region are also seen in some patients. If these symptoms are noticed in patients being treated with these medicines, the doctors intervention should be sought. Patients suffering from schizophrenia have to be on life-long treatment for this condition. In the movie, A Beautiful Mind, we also see the use of shock therapy in the form of insulin shock therapy. Nash had to undergo this kind of therapy five times a week for duration of ten weeks. In the conventional mode of treatment, it was thought that convulsions were a way to prevent occurrence of schizophrenia. Hence, this method of treatment was used on patients to induce convulsion and electroconvulsive was often used to protect the patient from personality disorders. In modern times, doctors use anesthesia and varieties of muscle-relaxants to this therapy more bearable. Intervention, Support Program and Therapy for Schizophrenia Apart from medical intervention, the patient needs to undergo behavioral therapies such as training in social skills in order to function normally in their daily lives. Support and awareness programs should be conducted for the patient as well as the family members. Support at a community level should also be given to the care-givers to cope with the situation and prevent relapses (Dawson 2010). Family members and support groups must encourage patients to follow through with their treatment and get check-ups done regularly. Basic skills that need to be reinforced with a person suffering from schizophrenia should include: Training for rehabilitation like being able to perform basic hygiene routine and being able to eat on ones own Being able to use public transport Train for a job: basic skills and communication Learn how to manage money When to take correct doses of medicines How to recognize signs of relapse and communicate with the therapist. Diagnostic Tests for Schizophrenia Current Prevalence The first step in the detection and prognosis of the clinical conditions experienced in schizophrenic and bipolar patients is through reliable diagnostic techniques such as CT scan of the brain, magnetic resonance and other imaging techniques which may help eliminate possible confusion in the diagnosis of this disease. As there are few or no medical tests available that will warn a person of an onset or prevention of this disorder, the psychiatrist must carry out a thorough evaluation of the patients family background and genetic history by interviewing the patient and the care givers. The doctor must also take into account the course the illness has taken and how long the symptoms have been prevalent, patients reaction to medication and therapy. The current prevalence of this condition at a global level stands between 0.5 and 1 percent (Bhugra 2010). However, prevalence of this disorder can be calculated only through registered cases of Schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders. The risk of occurrence of this disease is higher than the actual prevalence recorder statistically. Prevalence in developed countries is higher than in developing countries, partially because more cases are registered and more commonly because of the nomadic and unstable lifestyles (Saha et al 2009). There is no appreciable difference in the male and female cases of occurrence, though the migrant populations have a higher propensity for this disorder. Impact of Psychosocial Issues like Discrimination John Nash had strange mannerisms and his odd behavior put some of his students and friends off (A Beautiful Mind 2001). His constant writing of formulae on window panes and wearing his knitted hat at all times seemed out of place and caused his friends to ridicule him. The incident of his being dared to speak to an unknown girl and her slapping him for his effort caused him to become the brunt of his friends jokes. There was an incident with his teacher who was worried about Nashs performance in Princeton but that was later transformed to appreciation because of the brilliance of his project. People suffering from schizophrenia are often labeled, stereotyped (Marder 2010) and discriminated against. The common perception is that the patient is responsible for having the behavioral changed that are a part of the symptoms of the disorder. Often negative stereotypes are created and the people suffering from schizophrenia are believed to have undesirable or uncontrollable characteristics. In the film, it has been demonstrated by the absent-minded behavior of John Nash when he allows his son to nearly drown in the bath-tub while he goes off to complete his secret work. His constant delusion of being engaged in highly classified and confidential state matters caused his wife and friends distress and at certain periods to mistrust his words, when in reality he was making up stories due to his hallucinations and delusions. These stereotypes often lead to discrimination against the sufferers of schizophrenia and they are considered as social outcasts. Discrimination often takes the form of patients being rejected in society and their job applications being rejected on the basis of their mental health reports. The same has been observed in the case of letting out apartments to people with a history of schizophrenia. They are not considered socially competent and find themselves subjected to derision and not being taken seriously. The quality of their work is often scrutinized more than the average worker and that causes them additional mental trauma. Certain ethical issues that may come up during the prognosis and treatment of this disorder may come in conflict with human rights issues. For example, patients who were treated with electroconvulsive therapy were never consulted and had to endure extreme pain and terror often without reaping the benefits of being completely cured. Another significant point to be remembered in this regard is that the person suffering from schizophrenia is often driven to desperate acts like self-mutilation because the people they trust do not believe them and sometimes reject them outright. This, to my mind, adds insult to injury because the need to be heard and understood is very high in people who are confused and trying to grapple with their own demons. Role of Nurse in Treatment of Schizophrenia The role of a nurse in the treatment of schizophrenia is important as they can be effective in intervening with people suffering from schizophrenia and their families. They are trained to use interventions that have been proven to be effective. They can be administer IV injections and monitor the condition of patients so that the chances of a relapse are minimized. They can help in educating the family members, improve the familys ability to cope with the stress of having to care for a mentally ill patient and improve their communication skills. The nurse is particularly trained to observe drug compliance and manage the situation professionally in times of crisis. Nurses can also monitor the physiological condition of the patient and make educated reports to the doctor in charge of the patients treatment. For the family, the diagnosis of schizophrenia in a loved one is experienced as a disruptive event that changes the family life and affects a family member permanently and scars him/her for life. This unhappy experience mars the patients relationships with his family members and friends who begin to perceive him as a stranger who is needy and requires constant attention. The presence of a trained nurse can mitigate this situation as it is easier to confide in, trust and unburden ones grief to a third party whose perception of the situation will be more objective. Also the nurses training in this specific field can be used as a better supervisor to monitor the day-to-day progress in a patients condition. Recommendations A family member or care-giver may be emotional about it and not be able to assess the situation objectively or even adhere to drug-compliance and post recovery counseling. Nurses can also help the client to recognize hallucinations and talk about the hallucinations dispassionately. Nurses are also in the unique position of being trusted by the patients whom they can reassure by telling them that there are other patients who have similar symptoms (Nursing Care Plan 2010). A patient is more likely to receive a nurses recommendations for treatment more seriously than family members and help the patients to recover more quickly. The movie is much acclaimed and very well made as it has not used a clichà ©d approach to schizophrenia as a mental disorder and ways in which people deal with this debilitating disease (Hausman 2010). In the movie, the ending is touching but it shows how people once afflicted with this disorder will have to live with it for their lives. However, I would think that with the newer techniques of treatment and advancement in pharmacology, these kinds of disorders will be able to reduce the trauma of the patient and their families. Realistic films such as A Beautiful Mind should advertise the newer modes of treatment that will reduce the suffering of the people and allow them to lead happy lives. I would recommend that this powerful medium be used to create awareness amongst common people so that the patients of schizophrenia are not discriminated against and their disorders can be stemmed at the initial stages.